Are you a student preparing for the AJK Board 10th Class Mathematics exam? If so, you're likely aware of the importance of practicing with past papers to enhance your understanding and performance. The AJK Board 10th Class Mathematics past papers serve as invaluable resources for students, offering a glimpse into the exam pattern, question types, and level of difficulty. By regularly solving these past papers, you can identify your strengths and weaknesses, refine your time management skills, and become more familiar with the exam format. This targeted practice not only boosts your confidence but also aids in honing your problem-solving abilities, ensuring you're well-prepared to tackle any challenges that may arise in the actual examination.

AJK Bise Mathematics Past Paper 2022

Subjective Objective

AJK Bise Mathematics Past Paper 2021

Subjective Objective

Each solved numerical in this collection holds immense potential in enhancing students' problem-solving skills and deepening their conceptual understanding. The resource specifically caters to Chapters of the physics syllabus, furnishing solved numericals of physics class 10 Chapter, 10 to 18, in a PDF format that are readily accessible.

As students embark on their journey into the world of physics, armed with the solved numericals resource, they're equipped to excel in their studies, bolstering their confidence and competence in Class 10 Physics, AJK Board Mirpur.

Chapter Name	Download Link
Simple Harmonic Motion
Sound
Geometrical Optics
Electrostatics
Current and Electricity
Electromagnetism
Radioactivity

The Kashmir conflict, one of the longest-running disputes in the world, continues to cast a shadow of violence and suffering over the region. Stemming from the era of colonialism, this 75-year-old conflict between Pakistan and India has evolved into a territorial dispute, with the Kashmiri people bearing the brunt of the human rights abuses and acts of terror. To put an end to this cycle of violence and ensure the well-being of the Kashmiri people, there is an urgent need to create a quasi-independent nation in the Kashmir Valley, backed by the United Nations.

The Current State of Kashmir

Currently, the region of Kashmir is shared between Pakistan and India along the line of control. However, neither country is willing to accept anything less than complete control over the entire territory. This has resulted in a highly contested region, particularly the Kashmir Valley. Kashmir holds immense value for both India and Pakistan due to its abundant water sources, which are essential for the sustenance of their populations and economies. It is crucial to prevent the control of Kashmir from falling into the hands of either side and instead establish a UN-controlled independent state that is influenced by both countries.

The Need for an Independent State

The conflict in Kashmir is perpetuated by a vicious cycle of violence between radical fighters from Pakistan and the resentment from Indian authority. To break this cycle and achieve lasting peace, it is essential to remove both parties from the negotiating equation. By creating a separate state that serves the economic interests of both nations, India and Pakistan will be less inclined to use the Kashmiri people as pawns in their stalemate. This quasi-independent nation would provide the Kashmiri people with the autonomy and freedom they deserve after decades of mistreatment.

Addressing Mounting Hostility

The mounting hostility between the nuclear superpowers of India and Pakistan makes finding a solution in Kashmir urgent. However, it is not as simple as it seems. Both countries firmly believe that they have the right to be in total control of the region, making it challenging to initiate discussions about a partition. Additionally, the religious groups in the region cannot be divided without causing unhappiness. Despite these challenges, it is important to recognize the growing sentiment among the Kashmiri people that neither country truly cares about their well-being and that an independent state is the true future of the Kashmir Valley.

Proposed Solution: Autonomy and Division

The proposed solution to the Kashmir conflict lies in granting autonomy to the Kashmiri people and strategically dividing the region. By utilizing the natural geography of greater Kashmir, we can create an independent state that addresses the grievances of both India and Pakistan. The division would involve separating the mountainous north of the region as an independent state, while the rest of the territory would be divided along the Jhelum river, with a region predominantly populated by Muslims aligning with Pakistan and a region predominantly populated by Hindus aligning with India. This division would ensure that neither country directly controls the flow of water, a major concern for both India and Pakistan.

Benefits of an Independent State

The establishment of an independent state in Kashmir would bring forth several benefits. Firstly, it would address the general grievances of both India and Pakistan regarding water control. Neither country would lose any significant territory in this situation, fostering a sense of balance and fairness. Furthermore, a UN plebiscite or referendum vote in the region offering independence as an option is likely to garner support from the majority of Kashmir Valley citizens. This vote would provide a democratic and peaceful path towards independence.

The creation of a quasi-independent nation in Kashmir would break the cycle of violence by removing both aggressors from the region. Recent polls conducted by reputable sources such as the BBC and Al Jazeera suggest that the residents in the proposed valley region believe in their ability to sustain themselves through tourism, handicrafts, and agriculture. The joint protectorate status would also allow Pakistan and India to preserve their political and cultural presence, ensuring that the state never drifts towards complete alignment with one country. Additionally, it would promote economic development in the valley, improving the lives of the Kashmiri people.

Moreover, a quasi-independent nation with UN control or guarded neutrality could serve as a buffer state between India and Pakistan. This buffer state would help prevent direct conflict along the border and mitigate the risk of a full-scale war between the nuclear-armed nations.

Barriers to Peace

The main barrier standing in the way of a peaceful solution to the Kashmir conflict is the greed and selfishness of both Pakistan and India. Both countries have been unwilling to consider any outcome that might adversely affect their interests, no matter how small. While the two countries engage in a power struggle, the true stakeholders of the conflict—the Kashmiri people—continue to be ignored and silenced. The path to peace lies in acknowledging the importance of aligning with the aspirations and rights of the Kashmiri people.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the creation of a quasi-independent nation in the Kashmir Valley, backed by the United Nations, is crucial for achieving lasting peace in the region. This solution addresses the grievances of both India and Pakistan while prioritizing the autonomy and well-being of the Kashmiri people. It is imperative that the international community stands in solidarity with the Kashmiri people, urging India and Pakistan to consider this peaceful resolution. By doing so, we can pave the way for a future where the Kashmiri people can live free and the region can prosper in peace.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What is the history of the Kashmir conflict?

The Kashmir conflict dates back to the era of colonialism, but its intensity increased following the partition of India in 1947. Since then, it has remained a contentious issue between India and Pakistan.

2. Why is Kashmir important to both Pakistan and India?

Kashmir holds immense strategic, cultural, and economic significance for both Pakistan and India. It is a region rich in water sources, essential for the sustenance of their populations and economies.

3. How would an independent state benefit the Kashmiri people?

An independent state in Kashmir would grant the Kashmiri people the autonomy and freedom they deserve after decades of mistreatment. It would allow them to shape their own destiny and work towards economic and social development.

4. What are the challenges in implementing the proposed solution?

Implementing the proposed solution faces challenges such as the reluctance of India and Pakistan to engage in discussions about partition and the complexities of dividing religious groups in the region without causing unrest.

5. How can global support contribute to resolving the Kashmir conflict?

Global support is crucial in advocating for the rights and well-being of the Kashmiri people. By standing in solidarity with them, the international community can exert pressure on India and Pakistan to consider a peaceful solution and support the establishment of an independent state in Kashmir.

As experts in language and grammar, we understand the importance of mastering the parts of speech. Whether you're a student or a professional, having a solid foundation in the parts of speech is crucial for effective communication and writing. In this comprehensive guide, we'll take you through each part of speech, its function, and give you examples of how to use them correctly in your writing.

In this sentence, "cat" and "mouse" are nouns as they represent the names of animals.

• Proper nouns, which refer to specific people, places, or things, are capitalized to differentiate them from common nouns.
• Common nouns are not capitalized and refer to general categories of people, places, or things.

For example, "John" is a proper noun, while "man" is a common noun.

Verbs: The Action of Your Sentence

Verbs are the words that express an action or a state of being. They are the second most important part of a sentence after the subject.

The children are playing in the park.

"Playing" is a verb that shows the action of the children.

Verbs are categorized into three types: action verbs, linking verbs, and helping verbs.

• Action verbs describe an action or movement.
• Linking verbs connect the subject to a word that describes or renames it.
• Auxiliary verbs, also known as helping verbs, aid the main verb in expressing tense, aspect, or voice.

Adjectives: The Descriptors of Your Nouns

"Beautiful" is an adjective that describes the flower, giving it a specific quality.

Adverbs: The Modifiers of Your Verbs

Adverbs are words that provide additional information about a verb, adjective, or other adverb in a sentence, modifying or describing the manner, time, place, frequency, degree, or certainty of the action or state being conveyed. They provide more detail to the action or state of being expressed by a verb. Adverbs can describe the manner, place, time, frequency, degree, or certainty of a verb.

He speaks softly.

"Softly" is an adverb that tells us how he speaks, providing more detail about the action.

Pronouns: The Replacements of Your Nouns

Pronouns are words used in place of nouns in a sentence to avoid repetition and to make the sentence more concise. They can refer to a specific person, place, thing, or idea, or they can refer to a general group of people, places, or things. Pronouns make sentences less repetitive and more concise.

Zara is my class fellow. She is my best friend. 

Here, "she" is a pronoun used to replace the name of the person, Zara.

Prepositions: The Positional Words of Your Sentence

Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence, indicating how they are related to each other. They indicate the location, direction, time, or manner of a noun or pronoun. Common prepositions include "in," "on," "at," "by," "from," and "to."

The book is on the table.

"On" is a preposition that shows the relationship between the book and the table.

Conjunctions: The Connectors of Your Sentence

"But" is a conjunction that connects two contrasting ideas, indicating the presence of rain as an obstacle.

Interjections: The Expressions of Your Emotions

"Wow" is an interjection that expresses excitement or surprise.

In conclusion, mastering the parts of speech is essential for effective communication and writing. Each part of speech has a unique function and contributes to the structure and meaning of a sentence. By using them correctly, you can make your writing clearer, more concise, and more engaging.

Mathematics is a subject that requires constant practice and understanding to excel in. To help students prepare for their exams, AJK Board has released the new syllabus 2023 for Class 11th Mathematics. This guide will provide you with all the information you need to download the notes and excel in your exams of first year 2023. 

Welcome to Azad Kashmir, a region of unparalleled natural beauty and cultural heritage. Situated in the northernmost part of Pakistan, Azad Kashmir is a hidden gem waiting to be explored. The region is known for its breathtaking landscapes, crystal-clear lakes, and majestic mountains. It is home to some of the most beautiful places in the world and offers a unique experience to every traveler who visits. In this article, we will take you on a journey through the best and beautiful places to visit in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. So, buckle up and get ready to be mesmerized by the beauty of this enchanting region.

Neelum Valley: A Paradise on Earth

Neelum Valley is a natural wonderland located in the north-eastern part of Azad Kashmir. It is known for its unparalleled beauty, offering a serene and peaceful environment to all its visitors. The valley is home to several stunning natural attractions, including Ratti Gali Lake and Kutton Waterfall, which are sure to leave you spellbound.

Ratti Gali Lake is a glacial lake located at an altitude of 12,130 feet above sea level. Surrounded by towering mountains and lush green forests, the lake offers a breathtaking view of the crystal-clear water reflecting the blue sky above. You can go on a hike to the lake or take a jeep ride to get there. The journey is an adventure in itself, with winding roads and picturesque views at every turn.

Kutton Waterfall is another popular attraction in Neelum Valley. Located near the town of Kundal Shahi, the waterfall is a sight to behold. The water cascades down from a height of 20 feet, creating a misty and magical atmosphere. You can take a dip in the cool waters of the stream or simply enjoy the beauty of the waterfall from afar.

Apart from these popular attractions, Neelum Valley has much more to offer. The valley is home to several picturesque villages, including Arang Kel and Taobat. These villages offer a unique glimpse into the local culture and way of life. You can also visit the Kel Valley and explore the historic Kel Fort, which dates back to the 16th century.

Neelum Valley is a must-visit destination for any nature lover or adventure seeker. Its unique natural beauty and serene environment offer an escape from the hustle and bustle of city life. So, pack your bags and head to Neelum Valley to experience the magic of this paradise on earth.

Pir Chinasi: A Spiritual and Natural Haven

Pir Chinasi is a popular tourist destination located in the district of Muzaffarabad in Azad Kashmir. The place is known for its spiritual significance and natural beauty, offering a unique experience to visitors.

Pir Chinasi is named after a Sufi saint who is believed to have spent time meditating on the mountain. The mountain is also considered a holy site by the locals and is visited by many pilgrims. The Pir Chinasi Temple, located at the summit, is a popular destination for devotees who come to offer prayers and seek blessings.

Apart from its spiritual significance, Pir Chinasi is also known for its stunning natural beauty. The mountain offers a panoramic view of the surrounding hills and valleys, which is truly mesmerizing. Visitors can go on a hike to the summit or take a cable car ride to get there. The journey is an adventure in itself, with breathtaking views at every turn.

Pir Chinasi also offers various outdoor activities for adventure enthusiasts. Visitors can go paragliding and enjoy a bird's-eye view of the surrounding mountains and valleys. Hiking is another popular activity, with several trails of varying difficulty levels available. The mountain is also home to several species of flora and fauna, making it a perfect spot for nature lovers.

In conclusion, Pir Chinasi is a unique destination that offers a blend of spirituality and natural beauty. The mountain is a must-visit destination for anyone looking for a spiritual retreat or an outdoor adventure. So, pack your bags and head to Pir Chinasi to experience the magic of this natural haven.

Leepa Valley: A Remote and Unspoiled Beauty

Leepa Valley is a hidden gem located in the southern part of Azad Kashmir. The valley is known for its remote and unspoiled beauty, offering a peaceful retreat to visitors.Leepa Valley is surrounded by snow-capped mountains and lush green forests, making it a paradise for nature lovers. The valley is home to several streams, waterfalls, and springs, which add to its charm. The scenery is breathtaking and provides a perfect opportunity for photography enthusiasts to capture some stunning shots.

Leepa Valley is also home to several picturesque villages, the most popular of which is the Leepa Village. The village is known for its traditional architecture, which includes wooden houses and intricate carvings. The village is also home to several local artisans who produce traditional Kashmiri handicrafts, such as shawls, carpets, and pottery.

Another popular destination in Leepa Valley is Chananian. The village is located on the banks of the Jhelum River and is known for its beautiful landscapes and stunning views. Visitors can take a walk along the riverbank or go for a picnic in the scenic surroundings.

Leepa Valley is also famous for its unique cultural experiences. Visitors can indulge in traditional Kashmiri cuisine, which includes dishes such as Rogan Josh, Yakhni, and Wazwan. The food is cooked using traditional methods and is a must-try for food lovers.

In conclusion, Leepa Valley is a must-visit destination for anyone looking for a peaceful retreat in the lap of nature. The valley offers a unique blend of natural beauty, traditional architecture, and cultural experiences, making it an unforgettable experience for visitors. So, pack your bags and head to Leepa Valley to discover the unspoiled beauty of this hidden gem.

Mangla Dam: A Scenic Beauty and Engineering Marvel

Mangla Dam is a beautiful engineering marvel located in the Mirpur district of Azad Kashmir. The dam is built on the Jhelum River and is the largest dam in Pakistan in terms of volume of water it can store. It is also one of the largest earth-filled dams in the world.

The scenic beauty of the Mangla Dam is a sight to behold. The dam is surrounded by beautiful hills and lush green forests, which makes it a popular destination for nature lovers. Visitors can take a boat ride on the reservoir and enjoy the serene surroundings.

Mangla Dam is also a great place for birdwatchers. The dam is home to several species of birds, including migratory birds that visit during the winter season. Visitors can spot birds such as the common kingfisher, grey heron, and little egret.

Mangla Fort is another attraction near the dam. The fort is a historical monument built during the Mughal era and is a must-visit for history buffs. The fort offers a stunning view of the Mangla Dam and the surrounding area.

Nearby, visitors can also explore the Ramkot Fort, which is located on the opposite side of the Mangla Dam. The fort is believed to be over 4500 years old and has a rich history. Visitors can take a boat ride to the fort and explore its ancient architecture and historical significance.

In conclusion, Mangla Dam is a perfect destination for those who are looking for a scenic and peaceful getaway. The dam offers a unique blend of natural beauty, historical significance, and outdoor activities, making it an unforgettable experience for visitors.

Banjosa Lake: A Serene and Picturesque Getaway

Banjosa Lake is a serene and picturesque lake located in the district of Poonch in Azad Kashmir. The lake is surrounded by lush green forests and mountains, making it a popular destination for nature lovers. The clear blue waters of the lake reflect the beauty of the surrounding landscape, creating a breathtaking view for visitors.

One of the most popular activities at Banjosa Lake is boating. Visitors can rent a boat and explore the serene surroundings of the lake. Fishing is also a popular activity at the lake, with many visitors trying their luck at catching fish such as trout and mahseer.

The Toli Pir Hill is another popular attraction near Banjosa Lake. The hill offers a stunning view of the lake and the surrounding landscape. Visitors can trek to the top of the hill and enjoy the panoramic view of the area.

The Pir Asimar Shrine is also a must-visit attraction near Banjosa Lake. The shrine is believed to be the final resting place of Pir Asimar, a revered saint who lived during the 17th century. The shrine is a popular destination for pilgrims and visitors seeking spiritual solace.

In conclusion, Banjosa Lake is a perfect destination for those who are looking for a peaceful and scenic getaway. The lake offers a range of outdoor activities, as well as nearby attractions that cater to a variety of interests. Visitors can experience the natural beauty of Azad Kashmir while also exploring its rich cultural and spiritual heritage.

Exploring Azad Kashmir: A Journey to Remember

Azad Kashmir is a region of remarkable natural beauty and cultural richness. From the picturesque Neelum Valley to the serene Banjosa Lake, the region offers a range of attractions that cater to a variety of interests. Visitors can explore the stunning landscape, enjoy outdoor activities, and experience the local culture and traditions.

To recap, the top places to visit in Azad Kashmir include the Neelum Valley, which offers a stunning natural beauty and a range of attractions such as Ratti Gali Lake and Kutton Waterfall. Pir Chinasi, a spiritual destination that offers breathtaking views and outdoor activities such as hiking and paragliding. The remote and unspoiled Leepa Valley, which offers a unique cultural experience with traditional Kashmiri cuisine and handicrafts. Mangla Dam, a scenic engineering marvel with activities such as boating and birdwatching, and nearby historical sites such as Mangla Fort and Ramkot Fort. And last but not least, Banjosa Lake, a serene and picturesque getaway with activities such as boating and fishing, and nearby attractions such as Toli Pir Hill and the Pir Asimar Shrine.

We encourage visitors to explore the natural beauty and cultural richness of Azad Kashmir. From the majestic mountains to the serene lakes, Azad Kashmir is a journey to remember. Don't miss out on the opportunity to experience this breathtaking region and all that it has to offer.